Motivational profiles as a predictor for physical activity during early months of the COVID-19 global pandemic

2021 Spring.Includes bibliographical references.The COVID-19 Global pandemic resulted in United States officials mandating stay-at-home, shelter in place, and quarantine ordinances starting in March 2020, limiting opportunities for physical activity (PA) during this period. Motivational profiles use controlled and autonomous attributes of motivation to predict PA maintenance; however, the effect of motivational profiles on PA during the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown. Therefore, the current study used Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to examine the relationship between motivational profiles and daily PA during the COVID-19 pandemic. A convenience sample of 481 U.S. adults (Mage=34.9 years, 78.1% female) participated in a 28-day smartphone-based EMA study during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic (April – June 2020). EMA surveys assessed number of PA bouts (> 10 mins), length of PA bout, and types of PA completed during the day, which was used to calculate daily PA mins and daily PA metabolic equivalent (METs) mins. A baseline online survey assessed motivation for PA, using the Behavioral Regulation for Exercise 3 (BREQ-3) questionnaire, and demographic information. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) of the BREQ-3 identified motivational profiles for PA. Separate multi-level linear regression models examined motivational profiles as predictors of average daily PA mins and daily PA MET mins as well as interactions of motivational profile x time (i.e., days in the study). Models controlled for age, sex, ethnicity, income, employment status, body mass index, study site, and start date LPA revealed four distinct motivational profiles for PA including: Class 1) High amotivation (n=102, 21.5%), Class 2) Low controlled motivation (n=55, 11.6%), Class 3) High external regulation (n=47, 9.9%), and Class 4) Moderate autonomous motivation (n=271 57.1%). There were significant negative main effects of motivational profile and time on daily PA mins and daily PA MET mins (b= -0.32, p<.001, b= -1.4, p<.001, respectively). Significant interaction effects of class and time were also detected. Class 2 showed greater decreases in daily PA mins (b=-0.31, p<.01) over time than Class 1. Class 2 and Class 4 also showed significantly greater decreases in daily PA MET mins (b=-1.81, p<.05, and b =-1.49, p<.01, respectively) than Class 3. Motivational profiles for PA predicted mean PA engagement and PA engagement over time during early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Contrary to previous research, more autonomous/less controlled motivational profiles showed the steepest declines in PA over time; whereas, more amotivated/externally regulated motivational profiles reported lesser declines over time. These findings suggest that COVID-19 restrictions for PA participation may have mitigated the influence of autonomous/less controlled motivation on maintaining PA over time among this sample

Fear of Success: Four Hypotheses

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/50893/1/116.pd

Fear of Success: The Distribution, Correlates, Reliability and Consequences for Fertility of Fear of Success Among Respondents in a Metropolitan Survey Population

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/50888/1/111.pd

Deepfake in the Metaverse: Security Implications for Virtual Gaming, Meetings, and Offices

The metaverse has gained significant attention from various industries due to its potential to create a fully immersive and interactive virtual world. However, the integration of deepfakes in the metaverse brings serious security implications, particularly with regard to impersonation. This paper examines the security implications of deepfakes in the metaverse, specifically in the context of gaming, online meetings, and virtual offices. The paper discusses how deepfakes can be used to impersonate in gaming scenarios, how online meetings in the metaverse open the door for impersonation, and how virtual offices in the metaverse lack physical authentication, making it easier for attackers to impersonate someone. The implications of these security concerns are discussed in relation to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) triad. The paper further explores related issues such as the darkverse, and digital cloning, as well as regulatory and privacy concerns associated with addressing security threats in the virtual world.Comment: 3 pages. Published to ACM ASIACCS 2023 workshop - The 2nd security implications of Deepfakes and Cheapfake

The Retention of Black and Latinx Teachers in an Urban School Context

Students of color represent 50.1% of students enrolled in United States public schools, and it is projected that the number of Black and Latinx students will increase over the following 20 years, which will mostly be driven by the increase of Latinx immigrants. Black and Latinx teachers, however, make up only 12% of the teacher population in the United States public school system. Black and Latinx students have more advocates, role models, and opportunities to excel academically when they have teachers who reflect their cultural background and experiences. Black and Latinx teachers can provide a more tacit culturally relevant pedagogy to their students compared to White teachers. In addition, they are four times more likely to leave the field of teaching compared to their White counterparts. In this study, the student investigator examined how supporting eight Black and Latinx first-year teachers in District of Columbia Public Schools with classroom management and self-efficacy support over a 4-month period, can increase Black and Latinx teacher retention. A Likert scale was the tool used to measure the teacher’s opinions of staying in the field of teaching for more than 3 years, before and after the intervention period, as well as qualitative narrative data collected from the discussions with the participating teachers

Confucianism: The New Wave of Ancient China

© 2016, The Journal of Global Affairs is the official student research publication of the Department of International and Area Studies in the College of International Studies at the University of Oklahoma. Correspondence may be sent to: Journal of Global Affairs, C/O CIS/DIAS, 729 Elm Avenue, Hester Hall 150, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States of America. Email: [email protected], a Chinese philosophy founded roughly 2,500 years ago, has traditionally been understood to be, by historians and philosophers alike, a strongly conservative philosophy. Yet after taking a look at the historical context of Confucianism, the atmosphere and political climate of China during Confucianism’s formation, a new perspective can be taken on the ancient school of thought. After examining the central Confucian teachings of filial piety, ritual, self-cultivation, and the supremacy of achievement over hierarchal birthright, Confucianism is shown to have challenged the status quo of its day and presented a more open-minded and altruistic approach to human interaction than had been witnessed previously. This paper challenges Confucianism’s traditional view as a conservative and partisan school of thought and explores its historical roots as a radically new and tolerant philosophy meant for the common person.The Journal of Global Affairs is published in conjunction with the College of International Studies at the University of Oklahoma.undergraduat